Symptoms that may need assessment
- Difficulty conceiving after an appropriate period of trying
- A previous testicular condition or surgery
- Testicular pain, swelling or a lump
- Problems with erection or ejaculation
- Known hormonal or genetic concerns
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Men’s health
Male infertility
Structured assessment of male factors that may affect a couple’s ability to conceive.
Understanding the condition
Male fertility can be affected by sperm production, sperm transport, hormones, infection, previous surgery, medication, lifestyle or genetic factors. Assessment is usually considered alongside the couple’s broader fertility evaluation.
How it may be assessed
- Reproductive and medical history
- Focused examination
- Semen analysis
- Hormonal blood tests where indicated
- Imaging or genetic investigation in selected cases
Care may include
- Treatment of identified and reversible factors
- Medication review and lifestyle guidance
- Management of infection or obstruction when present
- Discussion of surgical options where appropriate
- Referral for assisted reproductive care when needed
When to seek urgent help
Do not wait when symptoms are severe.
Sudden severe testicular pain or swelling requires emergency assessment because time-sensitive conditions must be excluded.